These subspecies differ in their phenotypic characteristics and chemical profiles ( Small et al., 1976 Small, 2015 McPartland, 2018 Zhang et al., 2018). sativa L., with highly polymorphic subspecies sativa, indica, and ruderalis. The most commonly agreed upon formal taxonomy for this plant is that the genus Cannabis comprises one species, C. For a long time, the taxonomic status of the genus was inconclusive, and the number of Cannabis species is still controversial ( Small et al., 1976 Hillig, 2005 Chandra et al., 2017 Small, 2017 McPartland, 2018). The genus Cannabis, in the family Cannabaceae, includes annual herbaceous, dioecious species. An understanding of the morphophysiological characteristics of cannabis inflorescence will lay the foundation for biotechnological and physiological applications to modify architecture and to maximize plant productivity and uniformity in medical Cannabis. Therefore, the effect of short photoperiod on cannabis florogenesis is not flower induction, but rather a dramatic change in shoot apex architecture to form a compound racemose inflorescence structure. Each phytomer consists of reduced leaves, bracts, one or two solitary flowers, and an axillary shoot (or inflorescence). Each inflorescence consists of condensed branchlets with the same phytomer structure as that of the larger phytomers developed under long day. Short photoperiod induces intense branching, which results in the development of a compound raceme. Most probably, induction of solitary flowers is age-dependent and controlled by internal signals, but not by photoperiod. Cannabis producers and researchers consider long photoperiod to be “non-inductive” or “vegetative,” but under these growth conditions, the development of solitary flowers and bracts in shoot internodes clearly indicates that the plant cannot be defined as vegetative or non-inductive in the classical sense. However, in-depth investigations of cannabis florogenesis are limited. Understanding the morphophysiological and genetic mechanisms governing flower and inflorescence development is therefore of high scientific and practical importance. Hundreds of specialized metabolites with potential bioactivity are produced and accumulated in the glandular trichomes that are highly abundant mainly on female inflorescences. The inflorescence is the main product of medical cannabis.